Bluetooth LE with Nordic nRF51 & nRF52 series
The easy way!
Part 2

Advertising environmental sensor data
(Temperature, Humidity, Pressure)
with Bosch BME280 & BME680 

In previous post, we advertise over Bluetooth only an incremental counter.  Lets do something more interesting this time by advertising environmental sensor data, temperature, pressure and humidity.  Most digital sensors can be communicated using either I2C or SPI interface.  EHAL provides a simple way to us those interface.  Similar to the BLE interface, the I2C & SPI also make use to configuration data structure and an Init function.

avail at https://www.crowdsupply.com/i-syst/blyst-nano

The hardware 

The environmental sensors used in this example are the BME280 and BME680 from Bosch.

Bluetooth 5 Sensor Board
avail at https://www.crowdsupply.com/i-syst/blyst-nano

The BME680 breakout board available on Tindie
this board support both I2C & SPI interface.

Configuring I2C for the BME680 breakout board

// Configure I2C interface

static const I2CCFG s_I2cCfg = {

  0, // I2C device number

{
        // I2C pins in which the device is connected to.

{I2C0_SDA_PORT, I2C0_SDA_PIN, I2C0_SDA_PINOP, IOPINDIR_BI, IOPINRES_NONE, IOPINTYPE_NORMAL},

{I2C0_SCL_PORT, I2C0_SCL_PIN, I2C0_SCL_PINOP, IOPINDIR_OUTPUT, IOPINRES_NONE, IOPINTYPE_NORMAL},

},

100000, // Rate in Hz

I2CMODE_MASTER,

0, // Slave address

5, // Retry

7, // Interrupt prio

NULL // Event callback

};

// I2C interface instance

I2C g_I2c;

Initialize the I2C interface.

    g_I2c.Init(s_I2cCfg);

The I2C is now ready to use.   Now lets try to use it to read the Bosch BME680 device ID directly.

    uint8_t regaddr = 0xD0; // BME680 device ID register address

    uint8_t d;

    g_I2c.Read(0x76, // BME680 I2C Device address

               &regaddr, 1, // register address to read

              &d, 1 // buffer to return data

              );

    printf("BME680 device id = 0x%02x\r\n", d);

If the device is connected correctly, the variable d should contains the value 0x61 (97 decimal).  

Configuring SPI

// Motsai Neblina V2 module uses SPI interface

static const IOPINCFG gsSpiBoschPin[] = {

    {SPI_SCK_PORT, SPI_SCK_PIN, SPI_SCK_PINOP,

     IOPINDIR_OUTPUT, IOPINRES_NONE, IOPINTYPE_NORMAL},

    {SPI_MISO_PORT, SPI_MISO_PIN, SPI_MISO_PINOP,

     IOPINDIR_INPUT, IOPINRES_NONE, IOPINTYPE_NORMAL},

    {SPI_MOSI_PORT, SPI_MOSI_PIN, SPI_MOSI_PINOP,

     IOPINDIR_OUTPUT, IOPINRES_NONE, IOPINTYPE_NORMAL},

    {SPI_BME280_CS_PORT, SPI_BME280_CS_PIN, SPI_BME280_CS_PINOP,

     IOPINDIR_OUTPUT, IOPINRES_PULLUP, IOPINTYPE_NORMAL},

};

static const SPICFG s_SpiCfg = {

    SPI_DEVNO,

    SPIMODE_MASTER,

    gsSpiBoschPin,

    sizeof( gsSpiBoschPin ) / sizeof( IOPINCFG ),

    8000000,   // Speed in Hz

    8,      // Data Size

    5,      // Max retries

    SPIDATABIT_MSB,

    SPIDATAPHASE_SECOND_CLK, // Data phase

    SPICLKPOL_LOW,         // clock polarity

    SPICSEL_AUTO,

    6, //APP_IRQ_PRIORITY_LOW,      // Interrupt priority

    nullptr

};

SPI g_Spi;

Initialize the SPI interface

    // Initialize I2C

    g_Spi.Init(s_SpiCfg);

The SPI is now ready to use.   Now lets try to use it to read the Bosch BME280 device ID directly.

    uint8_t regaddr = 0xD0; // BME280 device ID register address

    uint8_t d;

    g_Spi.Read(0x76, // BME280 I2C Device address

               &regaddr, 1, // register address to read

              &d, 1 // buffer to return data

               );

    printf("BME280 device id = 0x%02x\r\n", d);

If the device is connected correctly, the variable d should contains the value 0x60 (96 decimal).

Luckily we don't need to manually reading data from the sensor that way.  The EHAL already have driver written for both the BME280 & the BM680.  Here is how to initialize the driver and read sensor data.

Configuring sensor drivers 

// Configure environmental sensor

// Configure BME680 for I2C

static TPHSENSOR_CFG s_Bme680SensorCfg = {

  BME680_I2C_DEV_ADDR0,   // I2C device address

SENSOR_OPMODE_SINGLE,

100, // Sampling frequency in Hz

1,

1,

1,

1

};

// BME680 Environmental sensor instance

TphgBme680 g_Bme680Sensor;

// Configure BME280 for SPI

static TPHSENSOR_CFG s_Bme280SensorCfg = {

  0,   // SPI chip select index

SENSOR_OPMODE_SINGLE,

100, // Sampling frequency in Hz

1,

1,

1,

1

};

// BME280 Environmental sensor instance

TphBme280 g_Bme280Sensor;

Initialization and reading sensor data

    // Intitialize BM680 using I2C interface

    g_Bme680Sensor.Init(s_Bme680SensorCfg, &g_I2c, NULL);

    

    // or
    // intitialize BM680 using SPI interface

    g_Bme680Sensor.Init(s_Bme680SensorCfg, &g_Spi, NULL);

    // Intitialize BM280 using SPI interface

    g_Bme280Sensor.Init(s_Bme280SensorCfg, &g_Spi, NULL);

    // Update sensor data

    TPHSENSOR_DATA tphdata;

    g_Bme680Sensor.StartSampling();
    g_Bme680Sensor.Read(tphdata);

    g_Bme280Sensor.StartSampling();
    g_Bme280Sensor.Read(tphdata);

Integrating into BLE advertising data

In the previous article, we advertising only a 32bits count.  Let replace the configuration now to advertise the sensor data instead

BLEADV_MANDATA g_AdvData

const BLEAPP_CFG s_BleAppCfg = {

    { // Clock config nrf_clock_lf_cfg_t

#ifdef IMM_NRF51822

        NRF_CLOCK_LF_SRC_RC, // Source RC

        1, 1, 0

#else

        0, 0, NRF_CLOCK_LF_ACCURACY_20_PPM

#endif

    },

    0, // Number of central link

    0, // Number of peripheral link

    BLEAPP_MODE_NOCONNECT,  // Connectionless beacon type

    DEVICE_NAME,            // Device name

    ISYST_BLUETOOTH_ID,     // PnP Bluetooth/USB vendor id

    1,                      // PnP Product ID

    0,       // Pnp prod version

    false,    // Enable device information service (DIS)

    NULL,     // Pointer device info descriptor

    (uint8_t*)& g_AdvData,   // Manufacture specific data to advertise

    sizeof(g_AdvData),      // Length of manufacture specific data

    BLEAPP_SECTYPE_NONE,    // Secure connection type

    BLEAPP_SECEXCHG_NONE,   // Security key exchange

    NULL,          // Service uuids to advertise

    0,     // Total number of uuids

    APP_ADV_INTERVAL,       // Advertising interval in msec

    APP_ADV_TIMEOUT_IN_SECONDS, // Advertising timeout in sec

    100,    // Slow advertising interval, if > 0, fallback to

    // slow interval on adv timeout and advertise until connected

    0,     // Min. connection interval

    0,     // Max. connection interval

    -1,     // Led port nuber

    -1,     // Led pin number

    0,     // Tx power

    NULL    // RTOS Softdevice handler

};

void ReadPTHData()

{

    TPHSENSOR_DATA data;

    g_TphSensor.Read(data);

    g_TphSensor.StartSampling();

    g_AdvData.Type = BLEADV_MANDATA_TYPE_TPH;

    // NOTE : M0 does not access unaligned data

    // use local 4 bytes align stack variable then mem copy

    // skip timestamp as advertising pack is limited in size

    memcpy(g_AdvData.Data, ((uint8_t*)&data) + 4, sizeof(BLEADV_MANDATA_TPHSENSOR));

    // Update advertisement data

    BleAppAdvManDataSet(g_AdvDataBuff, sizeof(g_AdvDataBuff));

}

void BlePeriphEvtUserHandler(ble_evt_t * p_ble_evt)

{

    if (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id == BLE_GAP_EVT_TIMEOUT)

    {

    // Update environmental sensor data every time advertisement timeout

    // for re-advertisement

      ReadPTHData();

    }

}

Source code at :https://github.com/IOsonata/IOsonata/blob/master/ARM/Nordic/exemples/TPHSensorTag.cpp

Complete Eclipse based project is on github:  nRF52 Project, nRF51 Project. Same code works for both nRF51 & nRF52 series including nRF52840. 

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